Which agency is responsible for ensuring workplace safety in the United States?

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is the agency responsible for ensuring workplace safety in the United States. Established under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, OSHA's primary mission is to ensure that employers provide a safe and healthful work environment for their employees. This includes setting and enforcing standards, as well as providing training, outreach, education, and assistance to help prevent workplace injuries and illnesses.

OSHA conducts inspections and investigations of workplaces to ensure compliance with its regulations and to identify hazards that could potentially harm workers. Additionally, it can issue citations and fines for violations, ensuring accountability and promoting safer working conditions across various industries.

This role is distinct from that of other agencies listed. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) primarily focuses on protecting the environment and public health by regulating pollutants and ensuring clean air and water. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) oversees health-related aspects, including public health, welfare programs, and biomedical research. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is dedicated to medical research and advancing knowledge in health sciences, but does not deal directly with workplace safety. Thus, OSHA is uniquely positioned to address the specific needs and regulations surrounding workplace health and safety.