Which of the following measurements are considered vital signs?

Vital signs are essential indicators of a person's essential bodily functions and overall health status. The primary vital signs include pulse rate, temperature, respiration rate, and blood pressure. Each of these measurements provides crucial information about the body's physiological state:

• Pulse Rate reflects the heart's activity and the adequacy of the cardiovascular system.

• Temperature indicates the body's ability to generate and dissipate heat, which can signal infection or other medical conditions.

• Respiration Rate involves the number of breaths taken per minute, which can reveal respiratory problems or the body’s oxygenation levels.

• Blood Pressure measures the force of blood against the walls of the arteries, helping assess cardiac function and the risk of cardiovascular disease.

The other choices listed involve important health indicators but do not fall under the standard definition of vital signs. Blood sugar and cholesterol levels are metabolic markers, height and weight provide information about growth and nutrition, and urine output and body mass index help assess kidney function and obesity, respectively. However, they are not classified as vital signs.